Reports
|
|
The NECS serves as an adviser
to the RGOB on environment issues and its overall mandate is to
ensure that environmental conservation is integrated into the economic
development process. The NECS is responsible for the overall co-ordination
in the environment sector. NECS is the key institution in the implementation of the EA Act,
the development of the National Environmental Protection Act and the Water Act. NECS prepare
State of the Environment Reports. NECS is the national focal point for Multilateral Environmental Agreements.
The development objective of the Environmental Information Management System (EIMS)
is to enable a Strategic Environmental Management in Bhutan, where environmental
information is used to identify emerging environmental problems, to set priorities and
targets for environmental policies, and to evaluate the effects of the policy actions that have been taken.
Methodological Framework
Environment Information
Management System (EIMS) is developed on the framework Applied for our Bhutan
Environment Outlook 2008 which is based on Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Environment
reporting framework “pressure-state-response” (PSR) model.
This simple model works on the
premise that human activities exert ‘pressure’ on the environment. This causes
the ‘state’ (or condition) of the environment to change. Society will then
‘respond’ to this change with policies that influence human activities and
which then directly affect the state of the environment, thus triggering a
cyclic process . The model is explained graphically below.
|
|
|
|
Indicator System:
Pressure indicators
describe developments in release of substances (emissions), physical and biological
agents, the use of resources and the use of land. The pressures exerted by
Society are transported and transformed in a variety of natural processes to
manifest themselves in changes in environmental conditions.
State indicators
give a description of the quantity and quality of physical phenomena (such as
temperature or river flow), biological phenomena (such as wildlife stocks) and
chemical phenomena (such as atmospheric pollutants) in a certain area. State
indicators may, for instance, describe the forest and wildlife resources
present, the concentration of pollutants in aquatic environments, or the level
of air pollution in cities.
Response indicators
refer to responses by groups (and individuals) in society, as well as
government attempts to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in
the state of the environment. Some societal responses may be regarded as
negative driving forces, since they aim at redirecting prevailing trends in
consumption and production patterns. Other responses aim at raising the
efficiency of products and processes, through stimulating the development and
penetration of clean technologies. Examples of response indicators are the
relative amount of cars with catalytic converters and recycling rates of
domestic waste. Environmental expenditures are often used as an ”overall”
response indicator.
|
|